The Impact of Ableism on the Affective and Sexual Relationships of Individuals with Autism:

A Critical Literature Review

Abstract

This study aims to understand the effects of ableism on the affective and sexual experiences of individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), questioning the impact of myths and prejudices. It is a critical literature review based on empirical studies published in the last five years, with a qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory approach. The findings indicate that ableism infantilizes and delegitimizes the affective and sexual needs of autistic individuals, reinforcing their social invisibility, hindering access to adequate sex education, and contributing to inappropriate behaviors stemming from a lack of information. These factors directly affect the formation of emotional bonds and expose these individuals to increased vulnerability in situations of risk and sexual violence. The analysis also highlighted the diversity of sexual orientations and gender identities within the spectrum, which are often silenced by normative and exclusionary discourses. A predominance of international studies was observed, revealing a lack of national research on the topic. In light of this, the importance of conducting investigations in the Brazilian context is emphasized, considering cultural and social aspects in order to support inclusive public policies and ensure the affective and sexual rights of individuals with ASD.