Dexmedetomidina como Sedativo em Crianças durante Procedimentos de Imagem
Dexmedetomidine for Sedation of Children during Imaging Procedures. Review Article
Keywords:
Dexmedetomidine. Procedural sedation. Children. Non-Invasive Procedures.Abstract
Children often need sedation for radiological imaging, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT), because the quality of the images depends on the immobility of the patient. Traditional sedatives (chloral hydrate, midazolam and propofol) have shown failures and adverse effects feared, such as respiratory depression. Dexmedetomidine, a potent α2-agonist, is released for use in adults only. However, the use in pediatric patients has been reported, putting it as an excellent alternative for deep sedation in Pediatrics, keeping the oxygen saturation, with minimal respiratory depression. Contrasting with clinical experience, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in children has not been fully understood yet. It may occur the decrease of the heart rate and the blood pressure but usually remain within the bounds, not requiring medical intervention. Also, initial transient hypertension may arise in a short period and with spontaneous resolution. There is still no universal protocol yet that specifies the appropriate dose according to the depth of sedation, however the main works, reviewed here, show that this drug can be used with efficacy and safety in pediatric patients
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