Contemporary Consciousness Research

Benny Shanon's Parameters and Values Model

Abstract

The theoretical study aimed to critically reflect on the foundations of the theoretical model of Parameters and Values of Consciousness by Benny Shanon. Since they came to light, studies about consciousness in Psychology are not seen as a simple investigation. Bifurcated into two controversial domains, phenomenal and psychological consciousness, his studies try to find valid and elaborate methods for a real understanding of mental and behavioral phenomena. Psychologist and cognitive researcher Benny Shanon proposes a general theory of consciousness based on the exploration of unusual states arising from experiences with the entheogenic drink ayahuasca. Thus, he delimits parameters, capable of assuming varied values, which he claims to constitute the phenomenal field of consciousness, hence the individual's perception of himself and the world. However, research based on Shanon's model of consciousness is still scarce in the academic world, both internationally and nationally, and only three Brazilian productions were found for the construction of this work, one of them by the author himself. Thus, Shanon's contribution to the study of cognitive sciences and his understanding of consciousness is not denied, re-signifying classic theories in the area, but the critical examination of his theory indicates that his protocols and methods have some limitations, highlighting the fragility of the empirical basis, research methods and adoption of open science protocols, especially regarding the disclosure of raw data for peer validation. It concludes by the incipient corroboration of Shanon's theoretical perspective for consciousness research, requiring further studies based on the proposed model, mainly in contexts outside of ayahuasca induction, with the aim of legitimizing the theory and bringing the necessary contributions to investigations. of consciousness in contemporary times.