Epidemiological clinical profile of oncological patients submitted to neurosurgic treatment at Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas

Abstract

Central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms have been highlighted in recent decades due to their significant morbidity and mortality rate, representing about 1.4 to 1.8% of all malignant tumors in the world. The objective of this study was to report the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients undergoing surgical treatment of CNS neoplasms at the Hospital Universitário Getúlio Vargas. The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Amazonas, under CAAE: 35503320.6.0000.5020. A retrospective descriptive-cross-sectional study was carried out with clinical and sociodemographic data of 20 patients, from January to December 2020, with participants mostly female (55%), dark-skinned (70%), single (55%) and originating from Manaus (40%). Regarding clinical aspects, the most common symptoms were “neurological deficit” (30%) and “headache” (20%). Benign supratentorial brain neoplasm was the most common finding in 50% (n=10) of patients, followed by benign spinal cord neoplasm with 3 cases (15%). Microsurgery for intracranial tumor excision was the procedure performed in 55% of patients (n=11) and microsurgery for medullary tumor excision in 20% (n=4). There were no complications in 60% of the postoperative evolutions (n=12), and 65% of the patients (n=13) were discharged from the hospital and followed-up. The early diagnosis strategy contributes to reducing the stage of cancer presentation, where the population and health professionals must be able to recognize suspicious signs and symptoms, facilitating diagnosis and quick access to health services