Marcadores Moleculares do Transtorno Depressivo (TD) e sua utilização clínica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.60104/revhugv13465Palavras-chave:
Medicina Genômica, Marcador Molecular, Transtorno Depressivo, DepressãoResumo
Introdução: O Transtorno depressivo (TD) é um dos transtornos mais prevalentes no Brasil, ele é caracterizado como um distúrbio afetivo que tem como sintomatologia o humor depressivo, insegurança, visão distorcida da realidade que pode, ou não, estar acompanhada de sintomas psicóticos. O diagnóstico para TD é complexo e envolve diversas variáveis, como ambientais, biológicas e psicossociais. Diante disso, a busca de marcadores moleculares que possam contribuir nos diagnósticos e prognósticos de pacientes com transtorno depressivo pode ajudar na conduta terapêutica do médico. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, permitindo a análise da bibliografia científica sobre marcadores moleculares do Transtorno Depressivo na população geral disponível entre 2010-2022 de maneira sistematizada e ampliada. Objetivos: O objetivo da pesquisa é fazer uma revisão entre as publicações disponíveis na literatura acerca da análise molecular e genética do Transtorno Depressivo. Resultado: O levantamento dos marcadores moleculares é de suma importância para possibilitar o diagnóstico facilitado e tratamento mais efetivo, sendo este personalizado para cada situação. Marcadores como o cortisol, p11, BRAF e interleucina se mostraram marcadores promissores para diagnóstico e/ou prognóstico do transtorno depressivo. Conclusão: Os marcadores moleculares são de suma importância para a detecção precoce e escolha do melhor tratamento para cada indivíduo. Dessa forma, os marcadores encontrados, em sua maioria, podem ser obtidos por testes de sangue ou saliva, o que gera menos custos para o Sistema único de Saúde (SUS), otimizando o diagnóstico e garantido o acesso ao diagnóstico e tratamento de forma mais assertiva.
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